<p>The northernmost of the three preserved temples in the *Forum Holitorium (cf. *Iuno Sospita, Aedes; *Spes, Aedes), dedicated to Ianus and located outside the *Porta Carmentalis (Festus 358: <i>in aede Iani, quae est extra eam</i>). The identification is based on the description of the temple as ‘<i>iuxta</i>’ or ‘<i>ad’</i> the *Theater of Marcellus (<i>CIL</i> I² p. 217, 245; Serv., <i>ad Aen</i>. 7.607; Degrassi, <i>Inscr. Ital.</i> 13.2, 149, 181, 195; Crozzoli Aite 113; Ziolkowski). Built by C. Duilius soon after 260 B.C., Augustus began to reconstruct the temple, but the project was only completed by Tiberius who rededicated the temple in A.D. 17 (Tac., <i>Ann</i>. 2.49: <i>Iano templum ... apud forum Holitorium</i>). The S side of the temple is partly incorporated into the Church of S. Nicola in Carcere and the ground-plan can easily be restored, as remains of the temple have also been excavated outside the church (Crozzoli Aite pl. 1; the temple is also represented on the Severan Marble Plan: Rodríguez Almeida, <i>Forma</i> pl. 23, frags. 31 h,i). These remains have been dated to the Augustan period on the basis of their architectural decoration (Crozzoli Aite 106, 111; contra, Coarelli 91).</p>