<p>Remains of two Republican-era houses have been unearthed on the *Carinae beneath the nave of S. Pietro in Vincoli. The first was originally built as early as the 3rd c. B.C. in <i>opus quadratum</i>, and then remodeled during the 1st c. B.C. when it was fitted with mosaic pavements (Colini 11-15). Remains of several rooms, an atrium and a cistern survive beneath the nave of the church (Colini pl. 4 A-E and C’-G’). Adjacent to and just W of this house stood a second residence which was built during the 1st c. B.C. on a larger and more luxurious scale (Colini 15-20). This home had walls in <i>opus incertum</i> and <i>opus reticulatum</i> as well as beautiful mosaics and striking <i>opus signinum</i> pavements (Colini pl. 4 H-Q). Though the two residences share the same orientation, the differences in the building techniques and in the elevation of their pavements suggest that the two were separate structures, rather than a unified complex (Colini 15).</p>