<p>The Temple of Bellona Rufilia is attested on the tombstone set up by C. Calidius Custos for L. Cornelius Ianuarius, who is described as a ‘devotee of the Temple of Bellona Rufilia in the region of Isis and Serapis’, FANATICVS AB ISIS SERAPIS AB AEDEM BELLONE RVFILIAE (<i>CIL</i> VI 2234=<i>ILS</i> 4181a). It is argued that the deceased was a descendant of a freedman of L. Cornelius Sulla, who had been put in charge of a temple first erected by P. Cornelius Rufinus, the last of Sulla’s ancestors to hold the consulship, after his triumph over the Samnites in 290 B.C. The inscription mentions ISIS ET SERAPIS, the temple from which <i>Regio III:</i> <i>Isis et Serapis</i> took its name (s.v. *Iseum Metellinum; *Regiones Quattuordecim); the Temple of Bellona Rufilia may thus be located close by (Palmer, accepted by Richardson; Viscogliosi <i>LTUR</i> V). Since the inscription was found in the Villa Palombara, just E of the *Servian Wall (de Vos), it seems best to place this temple near the Wall, between the Iseum and the road leading out of the *Colosseum Valley (*“Via Tusculana”).</p>